Pattern: V by -ing

The pattern can be best understood by viewing the interactive construction network link above.

To examine the individual constructions please see the tables below:

Examples
Financial institutions routinely profit by sharing consumers' information. (enTenTen20)
The course concludes by examining the impact of human activity. (enTenTen20)
The EU will respond by imposing larger tariffs on the U.S. (enTenTen20)

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